Nkhani ya Msika
Thailand idapanga pafupifupi matani 900,000 a chakudya cha nsomba mu 2023, ndipo Nile tilapia inali ndi matani pafupifupi 220,000 a kuchuluka kumeneko. Kwa zaka makumi ambiri, chakudya cha tilapia ichi chinapangidwa ngati ma pellets onyowa ndi nthunzi pogwiritsa ntchito makina opangira ma pellet - njira yosavuta koma yochepetsera zakudya. Ma pellets onyowa amafalikira mofulumira m'madzi a m'dziwe, amawononga ubwino wa madzi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe sichinadyedwe, ndipo amaletsa alimi kuyang'anira bwino chakudya chomwe chakudya choyandama chimawathandiza.
Kampani ina yodziyimira payokha yogulitsa zakudya m'chigawo chapakati cha Nakhon Pathom ku Thailand inazindikira kuopsa kwa izi komanso mwayi womwe ulipo. Alimi akumaloko a tilapia - ambiri mwa iwo omwe ankagwiritsa ntchito njira zolerera m'makhola m'ngalande ndi m'madziwe - anali kufunafuna kwambiri chakudya choyandama chomwe chimatuluka m'madzi. Malingaliro a alimi anali othandiza:
- Chakudya choyandama chimalola kuwona mphamvu ya kudya nthawi yeniyeni
- Amachepetsa kudya kwambiri chifukwa cha15–25%
- Zimathandiza kuti zidutswa zosadyedwa zibwezeretsedwe m'malo momawola pansi pa dziwe
Komabe chingwe chopangira ma ring die pellets chomwe chinalipo kale ku fakitoleyi, chomwe chinayikidwa mu 2015 ndipo chinali ndi ma t 2 pa ola limodzi, sichinathe kupanga ma studs oyandama. Oyang'anira fakitoleyi anakumana ndi chisankho chovuta: kuyika ndalama muukadaulo wotulutsa kapena kusiya gawo la msika ku makampani akuluakulu ophatikizana odyetsa chakudya.
Vuto la Makasitomala
Mbiri ya kupanga kwa fakitale panthawi yofufuza inali motere: Kupatula malire a malonda, fakitaleyo inakumana ndi mavuto owonjezereka pantchito. Mitengo ya zinthu zopangira ufa wa nsomba - gwero lofunika kwambiri la mapuloteni - inakwera18% pachaka, kufinya malire pa chinthu chomwe chagulitsidwa kale pamsika. Feriyo sinali ndi mphamvu yatsopano yopangira komanso njira yopezera chakudya chapamwamba chomwe chikanatha kupangitsa kuti zinthu zopangira zigwiritsidwe ntchito bwino.
Oyang'anira adafotokoza zofunikira zinayi kwa ogulitsa zida omwe angakhalepo:
Pangani chakudya choyandama chopanda madzi chokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa0.38–0.45 g/cm³ndi kukhazikika kwa madzi kopitirira muyesomaola 2.
Pezani zotsatira zochepa za1.5 t/hpa mankhwala a tilapia okhala ndi28% mapuloteni osakonzedwa.
Sungani gelatinization ya wowuma≥80%kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zigayike bwino komanso kuti ma pellet amamangiriridwa bwino popanda zomangira zopangidwa.
Kukhazikitsa kwathunthu ndi kuyambitsa mkati mwaZenera lotseka la masiku 14kuchepetsa kusokonekera kwa ndalama.
Kuwunika Kwaukadaulo ndi Kapangidwe ka Zipangizo
Hongyang Feed Machinery inachita kafukufuku wa masiku awiri pamalopo isanapereke lingaliro. Gulu la mainjiniya silinangoyang'ana kokha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zilipo pa chingwe chatsopano chotulutsira madzi komanso momwe mpheroyo imagayira zinthu zopangira, zomangamanga za nthunzi, ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yogawa. Zomwe zapezeka zingapo zinapanga kapangidwe komaliza:
Mphero ya nyundo yomwe inalipo - yokhala ndi sikirini ya 3.0 mm - idapanga ufa wokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono ta pafupifupi mainchesi580 µm, yomwe inali mkati mwa 500–700 µm yomwe ikulimbikitsidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito potulutsa sikelo imodzi. Kusunga chipangizochi kunapewa kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zosafunikira.
Boiler ya mphero, yoyesedwa pa500 kg/h nthunzi yokhuta, anali ndi mphamvu zokwanira zoperekera chotenthetsera mpweya popanda kufunikira jenereta yatsopano ya nthunzi.
Kusanthula kwa katundu wamagetsi kwawululidwa65 kVAmphamvu zomwe zilipo pa bolodi lalikulu logawa, zokwanira mota yayikulu ya extruder ya 55 kW komanso ma drive othandizira.
Kapangidwe kamene kaperekedwa kakuyang'ana paChotulutsira chonyowa cha mtundu wa HYSP-100 chimodzi, yothandizidwa ndi chowongolera cha shaft ziwiri, chowumitsira lamba, choziziritsira cha counterflow, ndi makina ophimba pambuyo pa extrusion.
Malangizo a Barrel & Screw Configuration:
Kapangidwe ka mbiya ya extruder kanafotokozedwa ndimadera anayi otentha olamulidwa paokha, kulola wogwiritsa ntchitoyo kupanga mawonekedwe otenthetsera omwe amapitilira kuchokera ku malo olowera chakudya (Zone 1) kupita ku mbale yophikira (Zone 4). Mawonekedwe a screw anali ndi magawo awiri otchingira shear omwe ali pa Zones 2 ndi 3 kuti awonjezere mphamvu yamakina ndikuwonetsetsa kuti starch yonse ilowetsedwa - chisankho cha kapangidwe chomwe chatsimikiziridwa ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa chomwe chikuwonetsa kuti kuyika kwa shear-lock kumakhudza mphamvu yeniyeni yamakina (SME) ndi chiŵerengero cha kukula kwa pellet mu kapangidwe ka chimanga ndi nsomba.
Magawo a Njira ndi Kuwongolera Ubwino
Kutumiza kunatengamasiku asanu ndi anayi— masiku atatu patsogolo pa nthawi yomwe inakonzedwa — pomwe mainjiniya a ntchito ku Hongyang adagwira ntchito limodzi ndi ogwira ntchito ku fakitale kuti akhazikitse njira zokhazikika zogwiritsira ntchito tilapia yoyamba. Nthawi yotsatirayi yogwirira ntchito idalembedwa ndikuyikidwa mu njira zoyendetsera ntchito za fakitale.
Chidziwitso Chogwira Ntchito — Vuto la Kusinthasintha kwa Buoyancy
M'masiku atatu oyambirira opanga, kuyandama kwa pellets kunawonetsa kusiyana kwakukulu kosavomerezeka, pafupifupi15% ya ma pellets otengedwa mu chitsanzoKulephera kuyandama kupitirira mphindi 30. Kusanthula kwa chifukwa cha mizu kunapeza vutoli kukhala chifukwa cha kusasinthasintha kwa nthunzi — makamaka, kunyamula nthunzi yonyowa kuchokera ku boiler panthawi yomwe ikufunika kwambiri.
Yankho linali la magawo awiri:
- Kukhazikitsa kwamsampha wolekanitsa nthunzinthawi yomweyo pamwamba pa chowongolera mpweya
- Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa mpweya kuchokera ku nthunziMipiringidzo 6 mpaka mipiringidzo 4.5, zomwe zinathandiza kuti nthunzi ikhale youma popanda kuwononga kutentha kwa mpweya
Nkhaniyi, ngakhale ili yaying'ono, ikuwonetsa mfundo yofunika: kupambana kwa ukadaulo wotulutsa zinthu kumadalira kwambiri kasamalidwe kothandizira komanso pa chotulutsira zinthu chokha.
Zotsatira
Miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ya deta yopangira pambuyo pokhazikitsa idasonkhanitsidwa ndikuyesedwa poyerekeza ndi maziko a polojekiti isanachitike.
Kupititsa patsogolo kwa FCR — Zachuma Paulimi
Kukwera kwa FCR n'kofunika kwambiri makamaka ngati tikuyang'ana pa chuma cha pa famu. Pa mtengo wamba wa tilapia wokolola ndi magalamu 600 ndipo mtengo wa chakudya ndi pafupifupi magalamu 100.THB 18 pa kilogalamu, kuchepetsa kuchokera kuFCR 1.7 mpaka 1.4kuyimira kupulumutsa ndalama zogulira chakudya pafupifupiTHB 3.24 pa nsomba iliyonse.
Kwa mlimi wapakatikati amene amapanga zikholaNsomba 50,000 pa njinga iliyonse, izi zikufanana ndiNdalama zosungidwa pachaka za THB 160,000— mfundo yolimbikitsa yamalonda yoti igwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kukula kwa Utumiki
Chomwe chinasiyanitsa pulojekitiyi ndi ntchito yosavuta ya zida chinali kuzama kwa chithandizo cha uinjiniya pamalopo. Mainjiniya a ntchito ku Hongyang adakhalabe pafakitale kwa masiku 14 onse oyambitsa ntchito, ndipo injiniya wamkulu wa ntchito adakhalabe kwa sabata yowonjezera atapereka ntchito kuti aphunzitse gulu loyendetsa ntchito kudzera mu ntchito yoyamba yopanda kuyang'aniridwa.
Ntchito zina zothandizira zinaphatikizapo:
Kulemba zonse zokhudza ma matrices a tilapia atatu (starter crumble, grower 3 mm, finisher 4 mm).
Kuphunzitsa ogwiritsa ntchito mizere inayi pa njira zoyambira/kuzimitsa, njira zosinthira ma die-plate, komanso kuthetsa mavuto a pellet density ndi mawonekedwe olakwika.
Kukhazikitsa mndandanda wosavuta wowongolera khalidwe la zinthu zomwe zimafunika kuti zitsatire ola limodzi poyesa kuchuluka kwa madzi, kuchuluka kwa madzi, ndi chinyezi.
Malangizo okhudza nthawi yosamalira zomangira ndi migolo kutengera momwe zinthu zinayendera mkati mwa maola 200 oyambirira a ntchito.
Kuchuluka kumeneku kwa ntchito pambuyo pokhazikitsa sikungochitika mwangozi. Kuphika chakudya cha m'madzi ndi njira yomwe ili pakati pa uinjiniya wamakina, chemistry ya chimanga, ndi ntchito yopangira mphero. Zitsimikizo za magwiridwe antchito a zida, ngakhale zili zodalirika, zimakwaniritsidwa kokha ngati ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amayendetsa mzerewu akumvetsa osati kokhachanimagawo ayenera kukhala, komachifukwa chiyani.
Mapeto
Kusintha kuchoka pa ma pellets omira kupita ku chakudya choyandama chotuluka kumatanthauza zambiri kuposa kukweza mzere wopanga - ndikusintha kwanzeru kwa mbiri ya malonda a fakitole yodyetsa chakudya ndi kudziwika kwa msika. Pankhaniyi, pa fakitole yaku Thailand, ndalama zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito muukadaulo wa Hongyang extrusion zakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zinayi zoyambirira:
Chakudya choyandama chokhala ndi chowonjezeraKukhazikika kwa madzi kwa maola awiri
Kukwaniritsa zotsatira zake1.5 t/h cholinga
Kuchuluka kwa gelatinization nthawi zonsepamwamba pa 80%
Kukhazikitsa nthawi yomweadapambana nthawi yotseka ya masiku 14
Komabe, phunziro lozama kwambiri lili pa zomwe zimachitika pambuyo poyambitsa ntchito. Mafotokozedwe a zida ndi magawo a njira zitha kulembedwa m'buku, koma kusamutsa chidziwitso, mgwirizano wothetsera mavuto, ndi kayendetsedwe ka ntchito zomwe zimapangitsa kuti extruder yatsopano ikhale yopindulitsa kwambiri pa mpikisano zimafuna chinthu chomwe sichingalembedwe mosavuta: kudzipereka kwenikweni kwa wogulitsa kuti akwaniritse ntchitoyi mpaka kufika pa chipambano cha makasitomala.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-27-2026
