Chidule cha akuluakulu
Dziko la Philippines linapanga matani pafupifupi 960,000 a nkhumba mu 2025, ndipo gawo la nkhumba zamalonda linkadya pafupifupi matani 5.75 miliyoni a chimanga chofanana chaka chilichonse malinga ndi deta ya USDA Foreign Agricultural Service. Ngakhale kuti kachilombo ka African Swine Fever (ASF) kayamba kuchira pang'ono, makampaniwa asintha kwambiri kuti apeze bwino chakudya - gawo lililonse la kusintha kwa khalidwe la pellet limakhudza mwachindunji phindu la ntchito za nkhumba zamalonda zomwe zikugwira ntchito pamitengo yocheperako.
Kafukufukuyu akufotokoza momwe fakitale yogulitsa nkhumba yolemera matani 15,000 pachaka ku Central Luzon idagwirira ntchito limodzi ndi Liyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. (Hongyang) kuti ilowe m'malo mwa zipolopolo zake zakale zaku Europe zotchedwa ring dies and roller shells. Zotsatira zake: kulimba kwa pellets kunakhazikika pa 92%+ ngakhale nthawi ya mvula yamkuntho, nthawi yogwira ntchito ya ring die inawonjezeka ndi 60%, ndipo nthawi yopuma mwezi uliwonse yosakonzekera inachepetsedwa ndi theka. Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsa momwe mphete yokonzedwa bwino imafera, yogwirizana bwino ndi zinthu zopangira zakomweko komanso momwe zinthu zogwirira ntchito zimakhalira m'malo otentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ziyende bwino.
Malo Odyera Nkhumba ku Philippines
Gawo la chakudya cha ziweto ku Philippines linagwiritsa ntchito matani 8.7 miliyoni a mphamvu ya chakudya (yofanana ndi chimanga) mu chaka cha malonda cha 2025/26, pomwe chimanga chinali matani 5.75 miliyoni ndipo tirigu wotumizidwa kunja unapereka matani pafupifupi 2.95 miliyoni. Gawo la nkhumba, ngakhale litachepa pang'ono chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ASF, lidakali gulu lachiwiri lalikulu kwambiri lodya chakudya pambuyo pa nkhuku. Kupanga nkhumba matani 960,000 mu 2025 - akuyembekezeka kukwera kufika matani 980,000 mu 2026 - kukuwonetsa kuti gawoli likuyambiranso pang'onopang'ono komanso kufunikira kosalekeza kwa chakudya chamafuta 1.
Zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chakudya cha ku Philippines chikhale chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndi zinthu zina. Choyamba, kapangidwe kake ka zinthu zopangira chakudya kasintha. Kusowa kwa chimanga - chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mphepo yamkuntho komanso kuchepa kwa kupanga zinthu m'nyumba - kwapangitsa kuti mafakitale operekera chakudya awonjezere kuchuluka kwa tirigu wotumizidwa kunja, mpunga (DD1 ndi DD2), ndi ufa wa copra. Zosakaniza izi zimasiyana kwambiri ndi chimanga mu starch, ulusi, ndi makhalidwe omangira, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji kapangidwe ka mapellet ndi kulimba kwawo.
Chachiwiri, nyengo ya m'nyanja yotentha imabweretsa chinyezi chosalekeza. Chinyezi chocheperako ku Luzon chimakhala pafupifupi 70-85% chaka chonse, chomwe chimafika pachimake pa 90% nthawi ya mvula ya June-November. Pansi pa izi, feed mash yosakonzedwa bwino imayamwa chinyezi cha mlengalenga isanafike ku die, ma pellets omalizidwa akhoza kunyowanso panthawi yozizira ngati chinyezi cha mpweya sichikusamalidwa, ndipo ma pellets osungidwa amakumana ndi nkhungu mkati mwa masiku 14-21 ngati chinyezi chikupitirira 12.5%. Izi si nkhawa zamaganizo - ndi zenizeni za tsiku ndi tsiku pa fakitole iliyonse yodyetsera m'zilumbazi.
Mbiri ya Makasitomala ndi Mavuto Ogwira Ntchito
Malowa, omwe ali mu msewu waulimi wa Central Luzon, pafupifupi makilomita 90 kumpoto kwa Metro Manila, amagwiritsa ntchito mzere umodzi wopangira ma pellets womwe uli ndi matani 5-6 pa ola limodzi. Zinthu zake zazikulu zimaphatikizapo magulu atatu a chakudya cha nkhumba: zoyambira (3.0mm), zokulitsa (4.0mm), ndi zomaliza (4.5mm), zomwe pafupifupi 60% ya zokolola zimaperekedwa ku zokolola ndi zomaliza.
Kwa zaka zinayi, fakitaleyi inkagwiritsa ntchito makina opangira zitsulo ochokera ku kampani yopanga zitsulo ku Ulaya kudzera ku kampani yogawa zitsulo m'chigawo cha Singapore. Ngakhale poyamba inali yabwino, ntchito yake inali itachepa kwambiri m'miyezi 18 yapitayi yogwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Pellet Durability Index (PDI), yoyesedwa mwezi uliwonse pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya ASAE S269.4 tumbling, inali ndi avareji ya 84-87% ya ma pellets a alimi — pansi pa malire a 90% omwe katswiri wazakudya wa fakitole adawona kuti ndi ofunikira pochepetsa kutayika kwa chakudya m'makina odyetsera okha.
- Kupanga zilango pamalo osungiramo zinthu kunali kuyambira 7-10% polemera, zomwe zimafuna kuyesedwanso kokwera mtengo ndipo zimayimira pafupifupi matani 750 a mphamvu yokonzanso zinthu zosabala pachaka.
- Maulendo osinthira mphete amafupikitsidwa kuchoka pa maola 3,500 kufika pa maola pafupifupi 2,200-2,500, ndipo kusintha kulikonse kumawononga maola 12-16 a nthawi yopuma kuphatikiza zinthu zotumizira mphete kuchokera ku Singapore.
- M'miyezi ya mvula yamkuntho (Julayi mpaka Okutobala), PDI inachepetsa ma point ena 3-5 peresenti ndipo kutentha kwa pellet yotuluka mufiriji nthawi zambiri kumapitirira madigiri 8-10 Celsius - chiopsezo cha chinyezi pamene pellets zosungidwa m'matumba zimasamutsidwira ku malo osungiramo zinthu osazizira.
Woyang'anira ntchito yopanga zinthu anafotokoza mwachidule vutoli motere: "Tinali kulipira mitengo ya ku Ulaya ya ufa womwe sungathe kupirira mankhwala athu. Chakudya cha tirigu ndi copra chinali chovuta kwambiri kuposa chakudya cha ku Ulaya cha chimanga, ndipo chinyezicho chinapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusunga chinyezi nthawi zonse mufiriji. Tinagwiritsanso ntchito 8% ya zomwe timapanga tsiku lililonse ngati chakudya chophikidwa."
Kuwunika Kwaukadaulo ndi Yankho la Hongyang
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2025, oyang'anira fakitoleyi adayambitsa njira yowunikira ogulitsa. Hongyang idayambitsidwa kudzera mu mgwirizano ndi makampani pamwambo wa bungwe la Philippines feed milling. Kuwunikaku kudayang'ana kwambiri pa mfundo zitatu: ring die metallurgy yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zopangira zinthu zowononga ku Philippines, kusintha kwa compression ratio kutengera kusanthula kwenikweni kwa mash, ndi mtengo wonse wa umwini kuphatikiza kuwonetsa moyo wa die.
Gulu la akatswiri la Hongyang linachita kafukufuku wa njira zopangira zakudya patali, pofufuza maphikidwe atatu akuluakulu a alimi ndi omalizitsa chakudya cha mphero. Kusanthulako kunawonetsa kuti chakudya cha copra (chomwe chili ndi 8-12%) ndi mpunga (chomwe chili ndi 15-18%) chinapereka ulusi wambiri ndi silika kuposa chakudya cha chimanga ndi soya chomwe chinapangidwira anthu aku Europe. Kutengera ndi zomwe zapezekazi, Hongyang adapereka njira zotsatirazi:
Chigawo cha Hongyang Specification Chifukwa
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 4Cr13, cholimba ngati vacuum, cholimba kwambiri, chomwe chimateteza dzimbiri kuti lisamawonongeke ndi chinyezi; chimaletsa dzenje kuti lisalowe m'madzi chifukwa cha chinyezi.
Kulimba kwa pamwamba HRC 54-56 (nkhope yogwirira ntchito), HRC 50-52 (pakati) Kukana kuzizira kwa pamwamba bwino komanso kulimba kwa pakati kuti kupewe kusweka pang'ono kuchokera ku silika wokwawa wa mpunga
M'mimba mwake mwa dzenje 4.0mm (wokulitsa), 4.5mm (womaliza) Muyezo wa mafakitale pa zakudya za nkhumba zamalonda ku Philippines
Chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika 1:9.5 (chokulitsa), 1:8.5 (chomaliza) Chosinthidwa kuchokera ku muyezo wa 1:8 wa mitundu ya ku Philippines yokhala ndi ulusi wapamwamba; makulidwe ozama kwambiri amakwaniritsa kuchepa kwa kulumikizidwa kwa starch kuchokera ku tirigu ndi ufa wa copra.
Kupanga mabowo Obooledwa ndi mfuti okhala ndi kulolerana kwa 0.03mm Kukanikizana kwa ma pellets kofanana pankhope ya die; kumachotsa "malo ofewa" omwe amapangitsa kuti ma pellets akhale olimba mosagwirizana
Chitsulo chozungulira cha GCr15 chonyamula zitsulo, HRC 60-62, pamwamba pake pali corrugation. Moyo wautali wautumiki umagwirizana ndi ring die; mawonekedwe a corrugation okonzedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ngati tirigu.
Kukhuthala kogwira ntchito 60mm (chomera), 58mm (chomaliza) Chozama kuposa kufa kwa ku Ulaya kuti chikhale ndi nthawi yokwanira yokhala ndi zipangizo zosamangirira bwino
Kusintha kwa chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika kunali chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Zakudya za ku Europe zomwe zimaperekedwa pa 1:8 ya chakudya cha nkhumba zinkaganiza kuti ufa wa chimanga ndi soya ndiye gwero lalikulu la starch. Mainjiniya a Hongyang adazindikira kuti mankhwala ochokera ku Philippines — okhala ndi 25-30% ya tirigu wochokera ku tirigu ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi ulusi — amafunikira makulidwe ozama (chiŵerengero cha kupsinjika kwakukulu) kuti akwaniritse gelatinization yofanana ya starch ndi pellet binding. Kusintha kumeneku kunaperekedwa popanda ndalama zina zowonjezera, kusonyeza kudzipereka kwa Hongyang ku mayankho enieni m'malo mogulitsa zinthu zonse pa catalog imodzi.
Kukhazikitsa ndi Zotsatira za Kuchita Bwino kwa Miyezi 15
Kukhazikitsa kunapitilira mu Marichi 2025, ndi Hongyang kupereka njira zowunikira mwatsatanetsatane: nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito maola 8 pogwiritsa ntchito ufa wosakaniza ndi mafuta (2% mafuta a masamba + chimanga chophwanyidwa) pa 60% ya katundu, kutsatiridwa ndi kukwera pang'onopang'ono mpaka kufika pamlingo wonse kwa maola 48. Ogwira ntchito atatu a fakitole adalandira maphunziro akutali okhudza kusintha kwa mipata ya roller (kusunga mtunda wa 0.15-0.25mm) ndi njira zowunikira bore gauge.
Pambuyo pa miyezi 15 yogwira ntchito mosalekeza — pafupifupi maola 3,800 ogwirira ntchito pokonza chakudya cha nkhumba chokwana matani 18,000 — deta ya magwiridwe antchito ikuwonetsa kusintha kosalekeza komanso koyezeka:
Kupititsa patsogolo kwa Metric Pre-Hongyang (European Dies) Pambuyo pa Hongyang
PDI yapakati (ma pellets okulira) 84-87% 92-94% +6-8 points
Zilango pa kunyamula 7-10% 3-4% -60%
Nthawi yogwira ntchito ya mphete ya die ndi maola 2,200-2,500 maola 3,800+ (yopitilira) +52% osachepera
Nthawi yogwira ntchito ya chipolopolo cha roller shell ndi maola 1,500-1,800 maola 2,600+ (yopitilira) +44% osachepera
Nthawi yopuma yopanda nthawi yokhazikika pamwezi: maola 18 ndi maola 8 -56%
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pa tani 19.8 kWh/t 17.3 kWh/t -12.6%
Kukhazikika kwa PDI pakati pa nyengo ya mvula ndi mvula -mapointi 3 mpaka -5 poyerekeza ndi nyengo youma -mapointi 1 poyerekeza ndi nyengo youma 3-5 nthawi yokhazikika kwambiri
Diye yoyamba ya mphete ikugwirabe ntchito pakatha miyezi 15. Miyeso ya bore gauge yomwe idatengedwa pakuwunika kwa miyezi 12 idawonetsa kusowa kofanana kwa 0.08-0.12mm kudutsa nkhope ya diye — mkati mwa malire osinthira a 0.20mm m'mimba mwake. Woyang'anira kupanga akuyerekeza kuti maola onse ogwirira ntchito a 4,500-5,000 asanasinthidwe, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nthawi yayitali ndi pafupifupi 100% kuposa nthawi ya imfa ya ku Europe pamtengo wotsika pafupifupi 40%.
Kukhazikika kwa PDI mu nyengo ya mvula yamkuntho kumafunika chisamaliro chapadera. Ndi kufa kwa mvula yamkuntho yapitayi, chinyezi chamlengalenga choposa 85% nthawi ya mvula yamkuntho ya Julayi-Okutobala nthawi zonse chinachepetsa kulimba kwa pellet chifukwa chinyezi chomwe chimayamwa madzi chisanakonzedwe. Chiŵerengero chapamwamba cha kupsinjika pa Hongyang die - popereka kupsinjika kwina kwa makina - chinachepetsa pang'ono kutentha komwe kumachitika pamene khalidwe la nthunzi yowongolera kutentha limatsika nthawi yamvula yamkuntho. PDI mu nyengo ya mvula yamkuntho ya 2025 inali pafupifupi 91-93%, poyerekeza ndi 82-85% mu nthawi ya mvula yamkuntho ya 2024 ndi kufa kwa mvula yamkuntho yapitayi - mulingo wofanana womwe mphero sinakwaniritse kale.
Zotsatira Zachuma ndi Kukhutitsidwa kwa Makasitomala
Zotsatira zachuma zimapitirira kupulumutsa ndalama zogulira magetsi. Kuchepa kwa 12.6% kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu — kuchokera pa 19.8 mpaka 17.3 kWh pa tani — kumatanthauza kuti ndalama zosungira magetsi za PHP 280,000 pachaka pamitengo ya mafakitale aku Philippines. Kuphatikiza ndi kuchepa kwa 60% kwa ntchito yokonzanso magetsi (kuchotsa pafupifupi matani 450 a ntchito yokonzanso pachaka), kuchepetsa ndalama zogulira magetsi, komanso kuchepa kwa nthawi yogwira ntchito, oyang'anira fakitole akuyerekeza kuti ndalama zosungira pachaka zopitilira PHP 1.2 miliyoni — zofanana ndi mtengo wa ma ring die ndi roller shell sets mkati mwa chaka choyamba chogwira ntchito.
Mu ndemanga yotsatira yomwe idachitika kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2026, manejala wamkulu wa fakitaleyo adati: "Poyamba tinkasamala kwambiri posintha kuchoka pa kampani yogulitsa ku Europe kupita ku kampani yogulitsa ku China. Hongyang adatsimikiza kuti ukadaulo wolondola komanso kusintha kwa mapulogalamu ndikofunikira kwambiri kuposa chiyambi cha kampani. Moyo wa alumali wapitirira zomwe zimayembekezeredwa, ndipo mtundu wa pellet ndi womwe umagwirizana kwambiri ndi womwe tawona m'zaka zinayi zogwirira ntchito mzerewu."
Ma ring dies awiri owonjezera a ku Hongyang ndi ma roll shells atatu ayitanidwa kuyambira pamenepo — seti imodzi ngati yotsala yokonzedweratu ndi ma seti awiri okonzedweratu kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pa mzere wachiwiri wopangira ma pellet kuti athandizire kukulitsa fakitole kufika pa matani 25,000 pachaka pofika chaka cha 2027.
Mapeto
Gawo la chakudya cha nkhumba ku Philippines limagwira ntchito pamalo pomwe pali zinthu zovuta zopangira, chinyezi chosasunthika cha m'madera otentha, komanso miyezo yapamwamba kwambiri. Nkhaniyi ikuwonetsa kuti magwiridwe antchito a ring die — omwe amayesedwa osati m'matani okha okonzedwa komanso mu kusinthasintha kwa mtundu wa pellet, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera, komanso mtengo wonse pa tani — zimatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi momwe fire die imapangidwira bwino malo omwe ikugwira ntchito.
Njira ya Hongyang — kusanthula njira zenizeni za kasitomala asanapereke malingaliro okhudza kupsinjika, kutchula mitundu ya zinthu zomwe zimapezeka m'malo otentha omwe amatha kuwononga, ndikupereka njira zoyendetsera bwino zolowera ndi kukonza — zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa ntchito zaukadaulo zomwe zimasiyanitsa kampaniyo ndi omwe akupikisana nawo pa katalogi. Kwa makampani opanga chakudya omwe amagwira ntchito ku Southeast Asia ndi misika ina yamadera otentha, phunzirolo ndi lomveka bwino: mphete yakumanja si yokwera mtengo kwambiri, kapena yomwe ili ndi dzina lodziwika bwino, koma yomwe idapangidwa kuti igwirizane ndi zopangira zomwe zili pamakina operekera chakudya a fakitale yawo.
Zokhudza Liyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd.
Liyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. ndi kampani yapadera yopanga ma ring dies, ma roller shells, ma pellet mills, ma hammer mills, ma mixer, ma cooler, ndi zida zonse zopangira chakudya zomwe zili ku Liyang, Jiangsu Province, China. Kampaniyo imapereka ma feed mills ku Southeast Asia, Africa, Middle East, South America, ndi Europe ndi zida zovalira ndi makina zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi mawonekedwe azinthu zopangira zakomweko komanso momwe zimagwirira ntchito.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-29-2026
